Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ikomeje guhangana n’ikibazo cy’abana bava mu ishuri ariko hari n’abatabasha kurikandagiramo by’umwihariko abafite ubumuga nk’uko Ibarura Rusange ryakozwe mu 2022 ryabigaragaje ko bangana na 35%.
Hashingiwe ku byavuye muri iryo barura, byerekana ko abantu bafite ubumuga mu Rwanda bagera ku 391.775 ku baturage bose bangana na miliyoni 13 zisaga, ni ukuvuga ko ari 3,4%. Abagore ni 216.826 mu gihe abagabo bagera kuri 174.949.
Intara y’Iburasirazuba ni yo ifite umubare munini kubera ko bagera kuri 109.405 igakurikirwa n’intara y’Amajyepfo 98,337. Iy’Uburengerazuba ifite 88.967, Amajyaruguru ni 60.336 mu gihe Umujyi wa Kigali ubarurwamo abafite ubumuga bagera kuri 34.730.
Akarere ka Nyagatare ni ko gafite umubare munini w’abafite ubumuga aho kugeza ubu gafite abagera kuri 20.631 hagakurikiraho akarere ka Gasabo gafite 17.585 mu gihe aka Nyarugenge gafite umubare muto 8.206 ugereranyije n’utundi turere.
Mu bana bafite ubumuga bari mu kigero cy’imyaka 6 na 17, abagera kuri 65% ni bo babasha kugera mu ishuri ugereranyije na 81% badafite ubumuga ibi bikaba bikomeje guhangayikisha leta y’u Rwanda.
Ibi bigaragaza ko hari umubare munini w’abana bafite ubumuga batabasha kugera mu ishuri by’umwihariko abafite ubumuga bukomatanyije batumva, batavuga, ntibabone;
Aba ntibashobora kwigana n’abandi muri gahunda y’uburezi budaheza kuko bakoresha ururimi rw’amarenga yo mu biganza adafite aho yigishwa kugeza ubu.
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umuryango w’Abafite Ubumuga bwo Kutumva, Kutavuga no Kutabona, Musabyimana Joseph, avuga ko umubare wabo utaramenyekana ariko bigaragara ko bahari kuko mu turere tune babashije kugeramo hagaragaye abagera kuri 350.
Yagize ati: "Muri abo, abagera kuri 60% ni abana bagejeje ku myaka yo kujya mu ishuri ariko nta n’umwe wigeze arikandagiramo kuko nta shuri na rimwe rihari rishobora kwakira abafite ubumuga nk’ubwo cyangwa ibindi bigo nk’uko ahandi usanga bimeze, aho babanza gutegurwa ngo bazinjire mu burezi budaheza babashe kwigana n’abandi.”
Uyu muyobozi icyo gihe yagaragaje ko mu Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage ryakozwe mu 2012 umubare w’abafite ubu bumuga utigeze ugaragara bikaba bishoboka ko ababufite bagiye babitiranya n’abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa ubwo kutumva no kutavuga.
Mu Ibarura Rusange rya 2022, kuko uru rwego ntirwigeze rubona imibare yihariye y’abafite ubwo bumuga bukomatanyije ku buryo hafatwa ingamba zo kubateganyiriza hashingiwe ku mibare ya nyayo.
Ngo nubwo 52 % by’abafite ubumuga batangira amashuli abanza usanga umusaruro wabo ari muke kuko 0,6 % byabo aribo baba barize amashuli y’incuke, bibagiraho ingaruka mu bizamini bya leta by’amashuli abanza kuko abagira inota fatizo ribajyana mu kiciro cya mbere cy’amashuli yisumbuye ari 5,5%, uyu mubare uragabanuka cyane kuko abagera mu kiciro cya kabiri cy’amashuli yisumbuye ari 3,7%.
Dr HAKIZIMANA Nicodeme afite ubumuga bw’uruhu, uretse kuba afite impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga (PHD) yigishije mu makaminuza atandukanye mu gihugu avuga ko kutagira inota fatizo ku bafite ubumuga bituma batagera muri kaminuza.
yagize ati: “Abafite ubumuga biga bibagoye ntihagire igikorwa kidasanzwe ngo bagire inota fatizo riba rikenewe ngo bajye mu cyiciro gikurikiyeho, benshi birabagora, tekereza ko leta ivuga uburezi budaheza igategura ibitabo ku banyeshuli basanzwe ikibagirwa gutegura ibyorohereza abatabona cyangwa ababona gake gusoma ibyo bitabo, umenyeko kwigisha umwana ufite ubumuga bisaba umwihariko ndetse no gushora amafaranga menshi."
Minisiteri y’uburezi mu Rwanda itangaza ko iri gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ihugure abigisha mu byiciro byose by’amashuli mu Rwanda ku bijyanye no kwigisha abafite ubumuga butandukanye, ibi ngo bizajyana no kongera ibikoresho byorohereza abafite ubumuga kwiga nta nkomyi.
Iti: "Turi gushyira Imbaraga mu burezi bw’abafite ubumuga aho turi guhugura abarezi kuri ubwo bumenyi, twahereye mu mashuli nderabarezi, twanatangiye gushyira ibikoresho muri amwe mu mashuli mu rwego rwo guteza imbere uburezi budaheza, turizera ko bizafasha mu kongera umubare w’abafite ubumuga barangiza ibyiciro byose by’amashuli."
Ubukungu bw’abafite ubumuga usanga bukiri hasi ugereranyije na bagenzi babo batabufite kandi bikagirana isano n’ibijyanye n’imyigire aho abatarize cyangwa bize nabi bisanga batabasha guhatana n’abandi ku isoko ry’umurimo cyangwa bakaba batabasha no kurigeraho.
Ubushakashatsi ngaruka nwaka bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare (Statistical Year Book) muri 2022, bwagaragaje ko mu mwaka w’amashuri wa 2020/2021 habarurwaga abanyeshuri 30.803 bafite ubumuga. Abahungu bari 17.016 ku 13.787 b’abakobwa.
Abafite ubumuga bw’ingingo bari 9888; abatabona bari 3865, abatumva 2122, abafite ibibazo mu mivugire 3048 mu gihe abandi bafite ubumuga butandukanye bari 2239.
Mu mashuri y’incuke abana bafite ubumuga bageraga kuri 2220,mu mashuri abanza ni ho habarizwaga benshi bangana na 23.427; mu mashuri yisumbuye bari 3.973 mu bumenyi rusange, 478 mu biga mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro, 11 mu mashuri y’ubumenyingiro yo ku rwego rw’amakuru (Polytechnics); 108 mu mashuri makuru na kaminuza na 512 mu biga mu masomero y’abantu bakuru.
Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku buzima uvugako miliyari 1.2 ku isi bafite ubumuga, bivuze ko umuntu 1 muri 6 baba babufite , uyu muryango uvuga ko abenshi mu bafite ubumuga bapfa bari munsi y’imyaka 20 biterwa nuko bari bafite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura (diabete) (asima), (sitroke ) na obesite, baramutse bafashijwe bateza imbere imiryango yabo n’igihugu ndetse n’isi yose muri rusange.
