Yanditswe na: Imfurayabo Pierre Romeo
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo Lancet bwemeje ibiherutse, kugaragaza ko nta rugero na rumwe rw’inzoga rutabangamira ubuzima bw’umuntu.
Abashakashatsi bemera ko kunywa inzoga ku rugero bishobora gukingira indwara z’umutima, ariko basanga uko "gukingira" nanone gushobora kugaruka umuntu mu gihe yaba arwaye indwara ya kanseri n’izindi.
Kunywa mu rugero bibangamira ubuzima gute?
Icyigo kitwa "Global Burden of Disease" cyakoze ubushakashatsi ku rugero rw’inzoga n’ingaruka ku bihugu 195 birimwo n’Ubwongereza, hagati yo mu 1990 no mu 2016.
Cyasuzumye amakuru yatanzwe n’abantu bafite imyaka 15 kugera ku myaka 95, abakora ubushakashatsi bakagereranya abantu batanywa inzoga hamwe n’abafata icupa rimwe ku munsi.
Basanze ku bantu 100000 batanywa inzoga, abantu 914 aribo bafatwa n’indwara zikunze gutera abanywa inzoga nka kanseri cyangwa kudakira vuba mu gihe umuntu akomeretse. Icyo kigero kiyongeraho abantu bane, ugiye mu ruhande rw’abanywa inzoga niyo ryaba icupa rimwe ku munsi.
Ku bantu bafata amacupa abiri ku munsi,hiyongeraho abantu 63, naho ku bafata amacupa atanu ku munsi hakiyongeraho abantu 338 bashobora kugira ingorane z’ubuzima bivuye mu kunywa inzoga.
Umwe mu bakoresheje ubwo bushakashatsi, Prof Sonia Saxena, umushakashatsi kw’ishuli "Imperial College" ry’i Londres agira ati: "Icupa rimwe ku munsi ribangamira aubuzima, hanyuma ufashe Ubwongereza bwose usanga ari abantu benshi, kandi abantu benshi ntibanywa icupa rimwe gusa ku munsi."
Uwarongoye ubwo bushakashatsi Dr Max Griswold, wo mu kigo "Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation" (IHME), kuri kaminuza ya Washington, avuga ati: "Ivyigwa biheruka vyasanze inzoga zishobora gukingira ariko twasanze urugero rw’uko amagara abangamigwa rwiyongera igihe umuntu anyoye inzoga nyinshi.
"Kuba inzoga zitera kanseri, inguma, hamwe n’izindi ngwara bizimanganya ikinga rivugwa ku ngwara z’umutima."
Sonia wakoze ubu bushakashatsi akomeza avuga ko ibyago by’uko ubuzima bwabangamirwa biturutse ku kunywa inzoga ari bike iyo umuntu afata icupa rimwe ku munsi, bikiyongera byihuse mu gihe umuntu afata amacupa menshi."
Mu 2016, leta y’Ubwongereza ikaba yaragabanyije urugero rw’inzoga ku bagabo no ku bagore, itegeka ko bafata ingero 14 ku cyumweru cyangwa ibirahuri 7 by’ibinyobwa bisindisha mu cyumweru.
Icyo gihe, uhagarariye ikigo cy’ubuvuzi mu Bwongereza, Prof Dame Sally Davies, yasanze urugero urwarirwo rwose rw’inzoga rushobora gutera indwara ya kanseri.
Mu Bwongereza basanze abagore banywa kurusha abagabo
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwagaragaje ko abagore bo mu Bwongereza banywa amacupa atatu ku munsi, bakaba bari ku rwego rwa 8 mu banywa cyane kw’isi.
Ibihugu 10 byambere mukugira abagore barusha abandi kunywa inzoga kw’isi
Mu bagabo, abo mu Bwongereza bari mu rwego rwa 62 mu bihugu 195 nubwo bafata amacupa atatu ku munsi, abo mu gihugu cya Roumanie bakaba aribo ba mbere kw’isi bafata hejuru y’amacupa umunani ku munsi.
Ibihugu 10 byambere mukugira abagabo barusha abandi kunywa inzoga kw’isi
Ikinyobwa kimwe gifatwa nk’ikirimwo amagarama 10 y’alcool bihura n’ikirahuri gito cya vino, naho ikirahuri cya byeri cyangwa igipimo kimwe cy’inzoga zikaze cyane (liqueurs).
Mu Bwongereza ho ikinyobwa kimwe kirimwo amagarama 8 y’alcool.
Kw’isi yose umuntu umwe kuri batatu anywa inzoga, bigahura 10% ry’abantu bapfa kubera inzoga, mu bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 15 na 49.
