Muri Gashyantare 2016 nibwo ishyamba kimeza rya Gishwati -Mukura riherereye mu ruhererekane rw’Imisozi y’isunzu rya Congo-Nil, ryemejwe nka Pariki y’Igihugu ya kane, yitezweho gutanga umusanzu mu kwinjiza amadevize binyuze mu bukerarugendo n’izindi nyungu zituruka ku bidukikije.
– Abaturage bari ku ruhembe ku izuka rya Gishwati
– Imizi Ecotourism Development Ltd igiye gutangira kubaka inzu z’ubukerarugendo
– Urugendo rwo kongera ibyiza bya Gishwati-Mukura rurakomeje
Iyo pariki iherereye mu Turere twa Rutsiro na Ngororero mu Ntara y’i Burengerazuba bw’igihugu, ingana na hegitari 3 558, harimo icyanya cya Gishwati gifite ubuso bungana na Hegitari 1 570, n’icya Mukura kingana na Hegitari 1 988.
Ni pariki yabashije kubaho kubera uruhare rwa leta n’abaturage, kubera ko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi iyi pariki yari yakendereye, kubera ibikorwa binyuranye by’abaturage biyangiza.
Kayihura Jean uturiye Pariki y’Igihugu ya Gishwati-Mukura, avuga ko bakimara gutuzwa muri Gishwati bayihinzemo ibishyimbo ku gice kinini ndetse bayiragiramo amatungo, utaretse n’igice kinini cyatuwe. Ingaruka zibikomokaho ntizatinze kuko habanje kuva izuba ridasanzwe, nyuma hagwa imvura idasanzwe.
Ati “Nyuma yo gutema ishyamba habaye ikibazo, ikirere kirahinduka hano haba izuba rikomeye, haza ingomero ebyiri twari dufite rumwe rwa Nkore rutangira gusenyuka, tubona ingaruka ziteye ubwoba zibonetse kubw’ishyamba ryari ryangiritse. Niho twatangiye gufata ingamba zo kujya inama tuti iri shyamba nirisenyuka, n’ubuzima twibwiraga ko tuzabamo ntibuzashoboka, hafatwa icyemezo dufatanyije n’izindi nzego, zo guhagarika kurituramo.”
Ruzindana Alexis warindaga iyi pariki, yavuze ko babitangira mu 2009 yari yugarijwe n’ibikorwa byatumaga inyamaswa ndetse n’ibimera biyigize bihutazwa bikomeye kubera ibikorwa bya muntu.
Ati “Abantu bakimara kuhatuzwa, ishyamba bahise batangira kuritema, nk’impundu zarimo zatangiye guhura n’ikibazo ugasanga zigiye konera abaturage bari kuzirukaho, ikindi ni ukuriragira cyangwa n’ubucukuzi by’amabuye y’agaciro, ugasanga n’ibiti umushinga wa mbere wateye batangiye kubicukura.”
Abaturage ku ruhembe rwo kubungabunga Gishwati
Mu gutunganywa iri shyamba, habanje umushinga Gishwati Area Conservation Program (GACP) wateraga ibiti muri iri shyamba hagamijwe ko ryongera kugira isura, ribungwabunga kuva mu 2008-2011. Umaze guhagarara nibwo hibajijwe niba intambwe yatewe itazasubira inyuma, abaturage bagerageza kwishyira hamwe ngo barebe icyo bakora.
Baje kwishyira hamwe bashinga Forest of Hope Association (FHA) muri Mutarama 2012, ngo yubakire ku bikorwa byari bimaze kugerwaho n’umushinga wa mbere kandi bakabikora nta gihembo bategereje.
Nyiratuza Madeleine wakoranye n’umushinga wa mbere ndetse akaza gushinga FHA, avuga ko mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga Gishwati, abaturage babigizemo uruhare rukomeye kandi bagaragaza umuhate udasanzwe kubera ko bari bazi akamaro kayo ku buzima barimo.
Ati “Mbere twari tuzi ko tuhasanga hegitari 800 gusa ariko abaturage batwereka ahantu hose bakoreshaga leta yari yarageneye gusubira mu mbago z’ishyamba, riza kwiyongeraho ubundi buso bwa hegitari 700.”
Bashinga Forest of Hope Association ngo bumvaga bagiye kubungabunga ishyamba amezi make kubera ko bari abakorerabushake, kandi bumvaga atari ibintu bakora igihe kirekire. Nyamara haje kuboneka inkunga ku buryo uyu muryango waje gukomera ndetse ugira abakozi bahoraho.
Hashyizweho itsinda ry’abantu batatu bavuye muri buri Kagali gakora kuri Gishwati, kakanagira komite y’abantu batandatu bagomba gushyigikira abarinda ishyamba, bakaba n’abahuza babo na leta.
Kabenga Edson wari umukorerabushake muri Pariki ya Gishwati, avuga ko bitangira bari abantu 18 baturiye ishyamba rya Gishwati.
Agaruka ku kazi kabo yagize ati “Tugenda tuzunguruka ku ishyamba tureba ahantu hashobora kuba hangiritse, aho tubonye tugahamagara abarinda ishyamba tukahabereka, twaba dufashe umuntu ari kuryangiza tukamwigisha, twamara kumwigisha tugahamagara abarinda ishyamba, tukamwandikisha, tukamurekura.”
“Byaba bibaye nk’inshuro ya kabiri twongeye kumufata asubiye mu ishyamba, tugahamagara abarinda ishyamba, nabo bagahamagara abantu bo mu nzego z’ibanze kugira ngo bamuhane.”
Ni umurimo abaturage bakora bawishimiye, kuko umusaruro waryo ubageraho binyuze mu bikorwa bijyana n’iyi pariki. Mu bice biyikikije hubatswe ibikorwa nk’amakaragiro n’uruganda rw’ubuki rwa Gishwati, bijyana n’imihanda yunganira abaturage mu bikorwa binyuranye.
Pariki y’Igihugu ya Gishwati-Mukura igiye gutangira gusurwa
Umuyobozi wa Pariki y’Igihugu ya Gishwati-Mukura, Abel Musana, avuga ko kuba RDB igiye gutangira imicungire ya pariki mu buryo buhoraho aho gukorwa n’abaturage nk’uko bisanzwe, ari inyungu ikomeye ku gihugu ndetse n’abayituriye. Imirimo yo kuhubaka ibiro bya RDB igeze kure.
Yagize ati “Iyi pariki iri ahantu twavuga ko hari ibikorwa remezo, umuhanda (wa kaburimbo) ubasha gutuma abantu bayigeramo, igihe ubukerarugendo buzaba butangiye bizoroha. Ariko by’ubwihariko, muri iyi pariki ni naho dusanga amasoko y’imigezi nka Sebeya, hari amoko y’inyoni ataboneka ahandi, ikanagira umwihariko wo kuba ari nshya ku buryo abantu bazaba bishimiye kureba ahantu abantu bakoze ibishoboka byose ngo bagarure ishyamba ryari rigiye kuzimira ndetse barigire pariki.”
Kugeza ubu urugendo rurimo gukorwa ni urwo kongera inyamaswa zirimo ndetse n’ibimera, ku buryo abantu bazishimira gusura iyi pariki ya Gishwati-Mukura.
Nyuma y’urwo rugendo rwose, Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Iterambere kigiye gutangira gucunga Pariki y’Igihugu y’Igihugu ya Gishwati, ndetse giheruka gusinyana amasezerano na y’imyaka 25 n’ikigo Imizi Ecotourism Development Ltd, yo gutunganya no gucunga Pariki y’igihugu ya Gishwati-Mukura, ku buryo ihinduka igice gikorerwamo ubukerarugendo mu gihugu.
Ikigo Imizi gishamikiye kuri Wilderness Safari imaze kubaka izina mu bijyanye n’ubukerarugendo bugezweho kuri uyu mugabane.
Ayo masezerano azatuma ikigo Imizi gitunganya ndetse gicunge Pariki y’igihugu ya Gishwati Mukura ku buryo ba mukerarugendo bazoroherwa no gusura inguge n’ibisamuntu bihaboneka, RDB isigarane inshingano zo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’ibikorwa byo kurengera ibidukikije.
Musana yakomeje ati “Hari ibyatangiye gukorwa kugira ngo gihe gito kiri imbere iyi pariki y’igihugu ya Gishwati Mukura izatangire kwakira ba mukerarugendo, muri ibyo navuga amasezerano RDB yagiranye na Wilderness Safari, mu minsi iri imbere bakazaza kubaka ‘eco-lodge’ iri ku rwego rwo hejuru hano iruhande rwa pariki, ariko mu mizo ya mbere hazabanza kubakwa aho ba mukerarugendo barara mu buryo bwo gukambika, iyo hoteli ya eco-lodge ikazaza mu cyiciro cya nyuma. N’ubutaka bwo kubakaho bwarabonetse.”
“Bikaba ari bimwe bizabanza kugira ngo ubukerarugendo nyirizina bwo gusura pariki, gusura za nyamaswa zirimo, gusura bya biti birimo, bitangire. Ibyo bikaba ari bimwe mu bikorwa abatiriye pariki bazagenda babonamo inyungu kuo iyo mirimo yose izajya ikorwa akenshi, ari bo babigiramo uruhare. Uretse ibikenera ubushobozi buhambaye, hari imirimo ya buri munsi kandi izajya ikenera abaturage bakikije iyi pariki.”
Mu rugendo rwo kwishimira intambwe u Rwanda rumaze gutera mu kwita kubidukikije, Madeleine Nyiratuza watangije Forest of Hope Association ubu ukora muri UNDP Rwanda, ni umwe mu bise ingagi Izina ku wa Gatanu. Yise ingagi izina ‘Isanzure’.
Inkuru dukesha IGIHE
