MUTUNGIREHE SAMUEL
Ushobora kutiyumvisha ako kanya uburyo urukingo rwa COVID-19 ruri gusabirwa guhabwa abaturage mu buryo busa na hutihuti nyamara nta mwaka ruramara rukorwa kandi ubusanzwe ishami ry’umuryango mpuzaamahanga ryita ku buzima OMS risaba ko urukingo ruhabwa abaturage rumaze imyaka itari munsi y’itatu rukorwaho igeragezwa.
Muri iyi nkuru, Mamaurwagasabo.rw igiye kugusobanurira uburyo uru rukingo kimwe n’urundi rugenzi rwarwo Moderna zizajya zikora mu mubiri w’umuntu mu buryo butandukanye cyane n;uko izindi nkingo zikora iyo zigeze mu mubiri w’umuntu mu kumurinda gufatwa bya hato na hato na virusi runaka igiye igeze mu mubiri we.
Ikizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga ni uko iyo hakorwa urukingo runaka bakoresha ya virusi bashakira urukingo bakayitera mu mubiri w’umuntu ariko bayiciye intege zo kuba yarwanya umubiri, ahubwo igihe igeze mu mubiri w’umuntu igakangura ubwirinzi bw’umubiri cyangwa abasirikare b’umubiri bagakora ubwirinzi cyangwa ubudahangarwa kuri ya virusi yinjiye, barwanya ko yateza ikibazo mu mubiri w’uwahawe urwo rukingo n’ikindi giye yazahura nayo ivuye hanze y’umubiri.
Kugeza aha ndibwira ko nta rujijo ufite ku buryo urukingo rusanzwe rukorwa.
Ubu buryo kandi hari n’ibigo bisanzwe bikora inking ku isi biri kugerageza gukora urukingo rwa COVID-19 bifashishije iyi nzira yo gukora urukingo.
Urukingo rwa Fusan ari narwo rwabanje gukorwa mbere y’urwa Moderna, rukozwe hakoreshejwe ka kanybugingo ka virusi kamwe gusa [Ubyumve neza ni kamwe gusa ka corona kandi ubusanzwe bafataga virusi yose ifite utunyabugingo twinshi muri yo], noneho bakagatera umuntu.
Iyo bagateye umuntu aho kugira ngo kamwinjiremo gakore virusi ahubwo gatuma haboneka udusemburo duto, twa Proteins (ibyubaka umubiri), iyo twinjiye mu muntu dukangura abasirikare b’umubiri w’umuntu utewe ako kanyabugingo ka corona ubwirinzi bwe bugatangira gukora bigakangura utundi tunyabuzima twitwa Cells tw’ubundi bwoko noneho abasirikare b’umubiri bakababiteguye kwica virusi imeze ityo yaba izinjira mu mubiri wawe.
Urubuga rutangaza iby’inkingo Pharma Boardroom ruvuga ko ikigo cy’Abashinwa kitwa “Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical Group (Fosun Pharma for short) cyashinzwe mu 1994, ari nacyo kiri gusaba OMS kwemerera uru rukingo “BioNTech/Fosun Pharma/Pfizer” guhabwa abantu, rugaragaza inzira rwaciyemo kugeza aho urukingo rwiteguye gukoreshwa.
Urukingo rwa Fusun rwakozwe mu gihe kingana gute?
Ubusanzwe kugira ngo urukingo rukorwe rubanzwa mu byiciro (4) bine, icya mbere bita Pre-Clinical, cyo kugeragereza urukingo muri laboratwari biga ku buryo urukingo ruzaba ruteye. Icyo gice ubundi cyajyaga gifata hafi amezi 18, ariko bikaba byabaho ko kigeza ku myaka 3. Iki gice ni nacyo wumva ngo urukingo rugeragerezwa no kunyamanswa cyane cyane nk’imbeba zikunzwe kwifashishwa kuko zifite aho ubuzima bwazo guhurira n’ubwa muntu.
Ikiciro cya kabiri cyo gutangira kugeragereza urukingo ku bantu bake, nka 50 cyangwa 80, ukabatera urwo rukingo ugira ngo umenye niba urwo rukingo rwizewe, rudatera ibindi bibazo. Ubusanzwe nabyo byafataga hafi imyaka 2.
Ikiciro cya gatatu ni igihe urukingo rugiye gukoreshwa ku bantu benshi, bava ku 100 bashobora kugera ku bihumbi 300, ari naho izi nkingo za Fosun na Moderna bigeze uyu munsi.
Iki gice baba bareba ubukana bw’urukingo kuri iyo virusi, Effectiveness, ko rutanga ubudahangarwa; iki gice nacyo cyajyaga gikorwa umwaka (1) umwe kugera ku myaka 3 bakurikirana uwahawe urukingo ibizamubaho bidasanzwe bitewe n’urwo rukingo.
Iyo bamaze kureba bagasanga nka 95% by’abahawe urwo rukingo rukora neza biba bitanga ikizere ko rukwiye gukoreshwa kuko nta rukingo rubaho ku isi rukingira abantu bose 100% imbere ya virusi runaka.
Iyo ibyo bice bitatu birangiye hakirikira ikiciro cya (4) kane cyo kwemezwa kitwa Post-market. Urukingo ku rwego mpuzamahanga rwemezwa n’ishami rya Loni ryita ku buzima OMS, ariko nko muri Amerika hari ikigo kitwa Food & Drugs Agency (FDA) bwemeza ubuziranenge bw’imiti cyangwa ibiribwa bukemerera gukoreshwa.
Kuki izi nkingo zihuse mu gihe kitageze ku mwaka umwe COVID-19 ibaye icyorezo mu isi?
Dusubiye inyuma ho gato, ubusanzwe kugira ngo ya virusi bateye umuntu bayiciye intege kugira ngo umubiri ukore ubudahangarwa bwo kurwanya indi virusi ya nyayo igihe izaba yinjiye mu mubiri, iyo virusi itinda gutanga amakuru mu gihe kuri izi nkingo za Fosun na Moderna iyo baguteye agace gato ka virusi ya Corona gatanga ubutumwa vuba.
Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe iby’inkingo mu kigo k’igihugu cy’ubuzima RBC, aherutse gusobanura ko mbere yuko isi yose igerwamo n’icyorezo abashakashatsi bihuse bari batangiye kwiga ku rukingo.
Ati “Iyi ni nayo mpamvu igice cya mbere kimwe bita Pre-Clinic kihuse, kuko bagikoze mu kwezi kwa Mutarama 2020 bakimenya ko hari indwara iri kwitwara nk’icyorezo gikaze mu gukwirakwira. Bageragereje ubu buryo ku nyamanswa z’inguge, kutaranarangira babona ko bikora neza.
Mu kwezi kwa Werurwe 2020 ni bwo abashakashatsi binjiye mu kiciro cya kabiri bigera mu kwezi kwa karindwi, Nyakanga 2020, bageze mu kiciro cya gatatu cyo kugerageza urukingo ku bantu benshi 3000. Kugeza ubu abashakashatsi batangaje ko babona abo bantu imibiri yabo yakoze ubudahangarwa kandi bagakomeza bari ku kigero cyo hejuru, ni ukuvuga abenshi muri bo 94%, 95%...”
Bimwe mu bihugu byo ku isi bigera ku 172, ukuyemo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’Uburusiya, byishyize hamwe mu cyo bise COVAX hagamijwe gushakisha vuba na bwangu urukingo rwa COVI-19 rukaboneka nibura mu mpera z’uyu mwaka, bityo rukaba rwatanzwe mu isi yose kugeza mu mpera za 2021.
Muri ibyo bihugu n’u rwanda rurimo, bikaba bitanga inkuru nziza ko igihe rwabonetse u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu byihuse bizahita biruhabwa rugatangira guhabwa abaturage.
